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Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1980
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Paul Volcker - Chairman, Federal Reserve Board, 1979-1987.
Wikipedia - "Paul Volcker"Paul Volcker, a Democrat, was appointed Chairman of the Federal Reserve in August 1979 by President Jimmy Carter and reappointed in 1983 by President Ronald Reagan.
Volcker's Fed is widely credited with ending the United States' stagflation crisis of the 1970s. Inflation, which peaked at 13.5% in 1981, was successfully lowered to 3.2% by 1983.
The federal funds rate, which had averaged 11.2% in 1979, was raised by Volcker to a peak of 20% in June 1981. The prime rate rose to 21.5% in '81 as well.
These changes in policy contributed to the significant recession the U.S. economy experienced in the early 1980s, which included the highest unemployment levels since the Great Depression. Volcker's Fed also elicited the strongest political attacks and most wide-spread protests in the history of the Federal Reserve (unlike any protests experienced since 1922), due to the effects of the high interest rates on the construction and farming sectors, culminating in indebted farmers driving their tractors onto C Street NW and blockading the Eccles Building.
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The results of the 1980 presidential election.
Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1980
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Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan waving from the limousine
during the Inaugural Parade in Washington, D.C. on Inauguration Day, 1981.
National Archives
Wikipedia - "Ronald Reagan"
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Reagan meets with Prime Minister Eugenia Charles of Dominica
in the Oval Office about ongoing events in Grenada
Reagan Library
Wikipedia - "Ronald Reagan"
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Reagan, the first American president ever to address the British Parliament,
predicts Marxism-Leninism will be left on the ash-heap of history - June 8, 1982
National Archives
Wikipedia - "Ronald Reagan"
Reagan and Bush at the 1984
Republican national convention
Wikipedia - United
States presidential election, 1984
The results of the 1984 presidential
election.
Wikipedia - United
States presidential election, 1984
President Reagan being
sworn in for second term in the rotunda at the U.S. Capitol. - January
21, 1985
National Archives
Wikipedia - "Ronald
Reagan"
President Reagan receives
the Tower Report in the Cabinet Room of the White House in 1987
Reagan Library
Wikipedia - "Ronald
Reagan"
Ronald Reagan speaking in
front of the Berlin Wall on June 12, 1987.
Reagan Library
Wikipedia - "Ronald
Reagan"
President Reagan and General
Secretary Gorbachev signing the INF Treaty
in the East Room of the
White House - December 8, 1987.
National Archives
Wikipedia - "Ronald
Reagan"
The results of the 1988 presidential
election.
Wikipedia - United
States presidential election, 1988
Chief Justice William Rehnquist administering the oath of office
to President George H. W. Bush - January 20, 1989.
Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1988
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George H. W. Bush official portrait - 1989
Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1988
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Ronald Reagan awards Mikhail Gorbachev the first ever
Ronald Reagan Freedom Award at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in 1992
Wikipedia - "Ronald Reagan"The results of the 1992 presidential election.
Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1992The results of the 1996 presidential election.
Wikipedia - United States presidential election, 1996
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Newt Gingrich being mocked on the cover of the New York Daily News
in November, 1995 - By Ed Murawinski
Kyle Cassidy
Wikipedia - "Newt Gingrich"
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Al Gore and Newt Gingrich applaud to US president Clinton
who waves during the State of the Union address in 1997
National Archives
Wikipedia - "Newt Gingrich"
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Clinton approval ratings. Average of multiple surveys each month
Roper Center
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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Map of the electoral college results of the 2000 Presidential election
Wikipedia - "United States presidential election, 2000"
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Al Gore - former Vice President and Democratic Party Presidential Candidate - 2000
(official photograph - 1994)
Wikipedia - "United States presidential election, 2000"
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President George W. Bush signs into law the No Child Left Behind Act - Jan. 8, 2002
Visiting Hamilton High School in Hamilton, Ohio, President George W. Bush signs into law the No Child Left Behind Act. On hand for the signing are Democratic Rep. George Miller of California (far left), Democratic U.S. Sen. Edward Kennedy of Massachusetts (center, left), Secretary of Education Rod Paige (center, behind President Bush), Republican Rep. John Boehner of Ohio, and Republican Sen. Judd Gregg of New Hampshire (not pictured). White House photo by Paul Morse. Executive Office of the President of the United States
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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Official photograph portrait of U.S. President George W. Bush (1946 - )
White house photo by Eric Draper - 2003
U.S. Department of Defense
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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1st Lt. George W. Bush in uniform in the Texas Air National Guard (1968-1973)
U.S. Department of Defense
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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George W. and Laura Bush with their daughters Jenna and Barbara -1990
United States Department of State
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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Governor Bush with wife, Laura, and father, former President George H. W. Bush
at the dedication of the George Bush Presidential Library, November 1997
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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Bush in Concord, New Hampshire signing to be a candidate for president - 1999
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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Newt Gingrich with Trent Lott at the 2004 Republican National Convention
Kyle Cassidy
Wikipedia - "Newt Gingrich"
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The results of the 2004 presidential election.
Wikipedia - "United States presidential election, 2004"
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George W. Bush Approval/Disapproval Ratings. Data from Gallup/USA Today poll
[ Approve / Disapprove / Unsure ]
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
The War in Iraq
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President George W. Bush addresses the United Nations General Assembly in New York City
on the issues concerning Iraq Thursday, September 12, 2002.
White House photo by Paul Morse
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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President George Bush introduces the en:Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of
United States Armed Forces Against Iraq, October 2, 2002.
The resolution was passed by both houses of Congress and signed into law two weeks later.
White House photo by Paul Morse
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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At the UN, Colin Powell holds a model vial of anthrax,
while arguing that Iraq is likely to possess WMDs - 5 February 2003.
Executive Office of the President of the United States
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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US President George W. Bush meets with his top advisors on March 19, 2003 just before the invasion.
Executive Office of the President of the United States
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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President George W. Bush addresses the nation from the Oval Office at the White House
Wednesday evening, March 19, 2003, announcing the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
"My fellow citizens, at this hour, American and coalition forces are in the early stages of military operations
to disarm Iraq, to free its people and to defend the world from grave danger..."
Executive Office of the President of the United States
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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Prime Minister Tony Blair shaking hands with President Bush,
after they conclude a joint news conference at the Camp David - 27 March 2003
Executive Office of the President of the United States
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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Rescue workers search for victims at the United Nations (UN) Office
of Humanitarian Coordinator Building in Baghdad, Iraq,
after a truck bombing destroyed much of the building - 22 August 2003.
Msgt James M. Bowman, USAF
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Occupation zones in Iraq as of September 2003
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Kurdish-inhabited area by CIA (1992)
U.S. Central Intelligence Agency
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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President George W. Bush walks across the tarmac with NFO Lt. Ryan Phillips to Navy One,
an S-3B Viking jet, at Naval Air Station North Island in San Diego Thursday, May 1, 2003. Flying to the USS Abraham Lincoln, the President will address the nation and spend the night aboard ship.
White House photo by Susan Sterner
Wikipedia - "George W. Bush"
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The Al Askari or Golden Dome Mosque in Samarrah - blown up in January 2006
(Shrine of the 10th and 11th Twelver Shi‘ah Imams: ‘Ali an-Naqi and Hasan al-‘Askari)
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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The Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf
U.S. Navy photo by Arlo K. Abrahamson.
Wikipedia - "2003 invasion of Iraq"
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Saddam Hussein (14 December 2003) shortly after his capture
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Bremer signing over limited sovereignty to the appointed Iraqi interim government - June 28, 2004.
U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Ashley Brokop"
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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US Marines cross a road in Fallujah while others provide covering fire
during Operation Phantom Fury/Operation Al Fajr (New Dawn).
United States Marine Corps images
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Marines at Camp Fallujah, Iraq, engage enemy targets in support of Operation Phantom Fury.
United States Department of Defense
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Map of the Iraqi constitution ratification referendum - October 2005
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Iraqi voters inked fingers - December 2005 Iraqi legislative elections
Staff Sgt. Jim Goodwin - United States Marine Corps
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Iraqi Soviet-built T-72 tanks assigned to the Iraqi Army 9th Mechanized Division
drive through a checkpoint near Forward Operating Base Camp Taji, Iraq - 18 May 2006.
Michael Larson, U.S. Navy
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Zarqawi safe house rubble, June 8 2006
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Zach Mott
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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L company 3rd Battalion 3rd Marines search a house in the Anbar Province - 16 June 2006.
Michael Larson, U.S. Navy
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Inside of the Baghdad Convention Center, where the Council of Representatives of Iraq meets.
This photo shows delegates from all over Iraq convening for the Iraqi National Conference - 30 December 2008.
James (Jim) Gordon
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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President Barack Obama shakes hands with Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki
after a joint press event on Camp Victory, Iraq, April 7, 2009.
Obama spoke to hundreds of U.S. troops during his surprise visit to Iraq to thank them for their service.
Spc. Kimberly Millett, US Army
Wikipedia - "Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present"
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Supporters of Iraq's Sadr movement hold a picture of al-Sadr
as they march in the Karada district of central Baghdad on May 31, 2010.
AHMAD AL-RUBAYE/AFP/Getty Images
Foreignpolicy.com
Vladimir Putin (1952- )
Presidential Press and Information Office
Wikipedia - "Vladimir Putin"
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Official photograph portrait of U.S. President Barack Obama (1961 - )
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Barack Obama
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Joe Biden
Wikipedia - "Joe Biden"
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John McCain
Adam Barker, Press Assistant to U.S. Senator John McCain, Washington, D.C.
Wikipedia - "John McCain"
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Sarah Palin in Dover, New Hampshire, October 2008
Wikipedia - "Sarah Palin"
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The Palins and McCains campaigning in Fairfax, Virginia, September 2008
Wikipedia - "Sarah Palin"
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The results of the 2008 presidential election.
Wikipedia - "United States presidential election, 2008"
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Ann Dunham with her father and children
during Ann's brief stay with her family in Hawaii during the mid-1970s.
Bishop Hall, on the campus of Punahou School, in the background.
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Obama stands on stage with his wife and two daughters
just before announcing his presidential candidacy in Springfield, Illinois, Feb. 10, 2007.
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Barack Obama speaking at a campaign rally in Abington, PA
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Barack Obama and Michelle Obama - 2008
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Obama delivers his presidential election victory speech in Grant Park
Wikipedia - "Barack Obama"
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Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton
Department of State
Wikipedia - "Hillary Rodham Clinton"
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Barack Obama in oval office with staff
From left: Vice President Biden, President Obama, Budget Director Peter Orszag
and Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel in the oval office, January 2009
Pete Souza, White House photographer
Wikipedia - "Joe Biden"
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Oct. 20, 2010: President Obama meets with his national security
team on Afghanistan and Pakistan in the Situation Room.
Pete Souza, White House photographer
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Graph of U.S. gross federal government debt from 1940 to 2010,
as a percentage of GDP, broken down by presidential terms
U.S. Office of Management and Budget
Wikipedia - "United States public debt"
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Wikipedia - "United States public debt"
Prepared by Miles H. Hodges